In late autumn, the blue sky is like a mirror, and the sun shines into the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Museum. Although the door has just opened to welcome guests, there are already people coming and going in the museum hall.
As the key to the ancient Silk Road, Xinjiang has been a multi-ethnic area since ancient times. All ethnic groups have always taken root in the fertile soil of Chinese civilization. In exchanges and integration, they have preserved a long-standing cultural heritage and created a splendid historical and cultural heritage. They are an important member of the blood-connected and shared destiny of the Chinese nation’s big family.
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In recent years, Xinjiang cultural relics workers have thoroughly implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of important instructions and instructions and major decisions of the Party Central Committee and the State Council. Deployment, adhere to the work requirements of protection first, strengthen management, explore value, effectively utilize, and make cultural relics come alive, and continuously strengthen the empirical historical role and publicity and education function of cultural relics work. A number of archaeological research results are eye-catching, a number of precious cultural relics are properly preserved, museum exhibitions are innovated, cultural revitalization and utilization are constantly promoted, culture is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the safety of cultural relics continues to improve, outlining a historical picture of exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups.
Exploring the historical development of Xinjiang and explaining the diversity and integration of Chinese civilization
The Tongtiandong site in Jimunai County fills the archaeological gap of the Paleolithic era in Xinjiang, the Jirentaigoukou site in Nilek County has become the most spectacular prehistoric settlement remains in the archaeological discovery of the Yili River Basin, and the first physical objects of Chinese-language wooden slips of the Tang Dynasty were discovered in the Keyakkuduke beacon site in Yuli County… A series of archaeological discoveries in Xinjiang are eye-catching.
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In recent years, with the strong support of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, Xinjiang has actively promoted the major project of “Archaeological China”, continuously strengthened the ability to interpret archaeological excavation research, deepened the historical research of Chinese civilization, and effectively served the cultural support of Xinjiang. By fully exploring the historical facts and archaeological objects of exchanges between various ethnic groups in Xinjiang, href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>KomiksCultural remains explore the historical development context of Xinjiang and explain the diversity and integration of Chinese civilization.
”In the eyes of many archaeologists, Xinjiang is a paradise for archaeological work.” Dang Zhihao, deputy director of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, admitted frankly, “It is mainly for the benefit ofIn its unique geographical location and natural environment. Xinjiang was once the only channel for the exchange of civilizations in the East and the West. The four ancient civilizations once met and merged here, leaving behind rich and diverse cultural relics. This is an important reason why Xinjiang archaeology attracted the attention of the academic community. ”
The dry climate environment provides favorable conditions for the complete preservation of organic cultural relics. “In Xinjiang, we can see many more precious organic cultural relics and important remains of diverse cultures and religions, which is also a relatively characteristic part of Xinjiang’s archaeology. “Dang Zhihao said.
The reporter learned that sorting out the historical and cultural context of Xinjiang, its status in the origin and development process of Chinese civilization, its status and role in the exchange between Chinese civilization and world civilization is an important task of Xinjiang’s archaeological work at present.
”Since 2018, Xinjiang’s archaeological work has mainly revolved around themes such as prehistoric cultural sequence and its evolution, the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country, as well as the dissemination of diverse religions and the process of sinicization. “Introduction to Dang Zhihao, deputy director of the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
In recent years, Xinjiang archaeological work has achieved a series of results. The research on prehistoric archaeological regions in Xinjiang has further deepened, and the Tongtiandong site in Jimunai County has become an important basis for the construction of the Stone-to-Iron Age regional types in the northern Xinjiang; the excavation and sorting of sites such as Husta in Wenquan County, Jirentaigoukou in Jiren County, and Haiziyan in Hami City reveals the differences in the Bronze Age in the Tianshan area The development trend of culture. The effective jurisdiction system and national management cultural identity of central governments in all dynasties have been continuously cleared. The excavation of Zhuoerkut Ancient City in Luntai County has promoted the exploration and research of the Protectorate Site in the Western Han Dynasty, and the excavation of Shichengzi Site in Qitai County has empirized the military building regulations of border counties in the Han Dynasty. The excavation of Beiting Ancient City in Jimusar County, Wushituer in Kuche City, Tang Chaodun in Qitai County, and Keyake Kuduke Beacon Fort in Yuli County has promoted the Anxi and Beiting in the Tang Dynasty. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema Archaeological study of the management and military transmission system of prefectures and counties under its governance system. The excavations of Daret, Bole City and Khan Noyi Ancient City in Kashgar City show the characteristics of the border town sites in the Liao, Song and Yuan dynasties, and reproduce the prosperity of the Silk Road. Multi-religious archaeology has become the highlight of Xinjiang archaeology. Archaeology such as Xibang Nestorian Site in Turpan City, Moer Temple in Kashgar City, and Tuyugou Grottoes in Bushan County have revealed the process of spreading, fusion and sinicization of Xinjiang’s ancient multi-religious religions.
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In addition to archaeological excavations, scientific and technological protection, cultural relics restoration, etc. are also the key tasks of the Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. Entering the Cultural Relics Protection Technology Department of the Institute of Archaeology, young cultural relics restorationist Diao Yu is meticulous in his brilliance.She was restoring an unearthed silk fabric, and her colleagues were also working on the restoration of pottery, bronze and other cultural relics in an orderly manner.
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Dang Zhihao introduced that in recent years, in cooperation with archaeological excavations, we have restored more than a thousand sets of unearthed cultural relics of various types, including pottery, bronze, iron, gold, textiles, wood, paper documents. In order to further improve the level of protection and restoration of archaeological excavations on site and cultural relics protection and restoration, we have joined hands with Shaanxi Archaeology Research Institute, China Silk Museum, Nanjing Museum, etc. to apply for 8 special protection and restoration research projects, including textiles and paper. At the same time, relying on the Xinjiang workstations of the four key scientific research bases of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, we will carry out multidisciplinary cooperation in biogenetics, animal and plant, metallurgy, environment, and material analysis to provide important support for comprehensively extracting archaeological remains information, scientifically interpreting the value connotation of cultural relics and sites, and broadening the field of archaeological research in Xinjiang.
”In addition, we have also focused on the compilation and interpretation of archaeological achievements, and have successively compiled and published many important archaeological reports.” Dang Zhihao told reporters that while effectively protecting historical and cultural heritage, Xinjiang’s archaeological work actively explores ways and forms to serve the society and serve Xinjiang’s historical and cultural propaganda. By opening archaeological sites and holding “Archaeological Heart Words – Experts and Talks” public archaeological activities, Xinjiang archaeology has gained more and more attention from the public, and its influence has continued to expand, providing academic support for effectively serving culture and supporting Xinjiang.
Revealing the exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups and forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation
On ordinary work, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Museum opened on time to welcome the audience on a new day.
The “Looking for the Lucky and Wealth in the World for National Day” is being exhibited in the “Xinjiang Historical Relics Exhibition”, and the audience passing by stops. The brocade “Looking at the rich and prosperous all over the world is the National Day” was unearthed in the Gutai Cemetery of Loulan City. The brocade has a residual length of 22.8 cm and a width of 34.3 cm. The cloud patterns on it are elegant and lively, and the auspicious beasts are vivid. The inscription “Looking at the rich and prosperous all over the world is the National Day” is interspersed in the patterns. This kind of cultural relics with the words “Looking at the rich and prosperous all over the world is the National Day”.
”During the Qin and Han dynasties, my country’s silk production and trade entered a stage of maturity and prosperity.Babaylan A large number of silk fabrics from the Central Plains were found in Xinjiang, including Yi Niya and LoulanThe most unearthed silk fabrics. The patterns of silk fabrics in the Han Dynasty were rich and diverse, and the terms were extremely particular, especially brocades with auspicious words, which were mostly ordered by the court or rewarded by the court. These brocades not only demonstrated the recognition of the Chinese culture in Xinjiang, but also witnessed the exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups. “Yu Zhiyong, Vice President of the Cultural and Museum of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Director of the Museum, said.
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According to reports, the “Xinjiang Historical and Cultural Relics Exhibition” closely follows the value analysis of the history of national governance of Xinjiang, the history of exchanges and integration of the Chinese nation, and the history of mutual learning of the Silk Road civilizations. It concentrated on displaying more than 1,700 fine cultural relics from various periods from the pre-Qin period to the Qing Dynasty, of which nearly 500 new exhibits were the first time they met the public.
”TheseBabaylanRare cultural relics are important evidence for systematically clarifying the governance and jurisdiction of central governments in previous dynasties and Xinjiang. They are precious evidence for accurately revealing the historical connotation of exchanges and integration among ethnic groups. They are scientific historical evidence for deepening and expanding the history of the Chinese nation and the study of the diverse and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation. They are also vivid materials for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, telling the story of China Xinjiang well, and demonstrating the cultural confidence of the Chinese nation. “Yu Zhiyong said.
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Lower left: Cinema Gaochang Jili Money Lower right: Kucha Wuzhu
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The reporter saw that the exhibition hall of the “Xinjiang Historical and Cultural Relics ExhibitionKomiks” was crowded with people, and more and more people entered the museum have become the norm.
Talking about how to better serve the public, Yu Zhiyong told reporters, “The key is that the museum curation content should be rich, and the explanation content should be knowledgeable and popular. We are closely following the museum’s hot newKomiks form, actively plan the theme exhibition of Xinjiang historical and cultural relics, fully tap the advantages and endowments of Xinjiang’s historical and cultural resources, use a large number of wool fabrics, Han and Tang dynasties, Jin and Tang dynasties, etc. in Xinjiang to tell the historical stories of the governance of Xinjiang by country, tell the historical stories of exchanges among ethnic groups, let cultural relics speak out, and let history speak out.” Xinjiang is the main road of the ancient Silk Road, where Eastern and Western cultures exchange and blend, and the large amount of cultural heritage left behind reappears the prosperous scene of the past.
The southern foot of the East Tian Mountains and the northern edge of the Turpan Basin, and the river valley surrounded by Cinema, on a willow-shaped island-shaped platform about 30 meters high, the ancient city of Jiaohe has stood quietly for more than 2,000 years. Jiaohe City was an early city in Xinjiang. It was originally the royal city of Cheshi Kingdom. In 640 AD, the Anxi Protectorate established by the Tang Dynasty was originally placed in Jiaohe City.
Walking into the ancient city of Jiaohe, the streets, workshops, government offices, and houses can still be seen. After walking through the footsteps and lights and shadows left by the Han people, Sogdians and Uighurs a thousand years ago, it seems that you can hear the sound of camel bells a thousand years ago, and the merchants are bustling.
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“The Ancient City of Jiaohe witnessed the existence and characteristics of civilizations such as Cheshi, Gaochang Kingdom, Gaochang Uighurs in the ancient Western Regions, witnessed the border management models such as the “Protectorate” and their important guarantees for exchanges on the Silk Road, and demonstrated the relevant urban culture along the Silk Road. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>CinemaThe exchange and dissemination of architectural technology, Buddhism and multi-ethnic cultures concentrate on displaying the brilliant and splendid history and integrated multi-cultural creations created by all ethnic groups, and strongly proves that Xinjiang has been an inalienable part of the motherland since ancient times.” Chen Aifeng, deputy director of Turpan Academy, said.
”The north wind blows the white grass in the ground, and snow falls in August.” The Tang Dynasty poet Cen Shen once described the scenery of Beiting in the poem “Song of White Snow to Send Judge Wu to Beijing”.
In the Beiting National Archaeological Site Park located in Jimusar County, the sunset shines on the early yellow poplar trees, and golden reeds sway in the wind. The Beiting archaeological team led by Guo Wu, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, is excavating Site No. 1 on the platform outside the north gate of the inner city.
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The ancient city of Beiting was divided into two cities inside and outside. The inner city is Tingzhou City. The city once had the slab tiles, cylinder tiles and lotus-patterned square bricks in the Tang Dynasty. The outer city was expanded in the north, west and south of Tingzhou City after it was promoted to Tingzhou as the Beiting Protectorate in 702 AD. The official bronze seal of the Tang Dynasty “Puleizhou Seal” and copper lions, stone lions, grape-patterned bronze mirrors, Kaiyuan Tongbao coins, carved stone balls, sewer pipes and pottery, etc. were unearthed in Beiting Ancient City. The ancient city of Beiting was unearthed in Beiting Ancient City of Tang Dynasty, and copper lions, stone lions, grape-patterned bronze mirrors, Kaiyuan Tongbao coins, carved stone balls, sewer pipes and pottery.
Guo Wu believes that the ruins of Beiting Ancient City are historical scenes and witnesses, and the northKomiksTental archaeology proves with real objects that the effective jurisdiction of the Central Plains dynasty in Xinjiang from the Tang Dynasty to the Song and Yuan dynasties, especially the Tang Dynasty, and the prosperity and smooth Silk Road. Relevant discoveries and research have an irreplaceable role in forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and building a community with a shared future for mankind. It has important practical significance for promoting national unity, prosperity, stability and long-term stability in Xinjiang society.
Xinjiang has a long border line, and there is a cultural relic that plays a prominent role in protecting the territory of the motherland. That is the stele of the Punishing Junggarla on the Geding Mountain on the border line more than 50 kilometers southwest of Zhaosu County, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, which is called the Geding Monument by the locals.
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Standing on the Geden Mountain, looking into the distance, the Sumubai River at the foot of the mountain, winding the river on the border between China and Kazakhstan, the villages opposite Kazakhstan are clearly visible, the view of the Tekes Valley is wide, and the snow peaks of the Tianshan Mountains are endless in the distance.
”In order to protect Geden Mountain, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has allocated funds to repair the pavilion and its body many times. “An Yingxin, a researcher at the Yili Prefecture Museum, told reporters that the inscription details the combat process and glorious achievements of the Qing army in pacifying the Junggar, and traces the history and grand occasion of the central government’s “Han established the capital and the Tang Dynasty’s general” in the northwest border area during the Han and Tang dynasties. The Geden Monument is an important witness to the Qing government’s suppression of rebellion, safeguarding national unity and border stability. It has important historical and practical significance for opposing ethnic division, enhancing national unity, and developing and building the border. Cinema.
Cultural relics benefit the people and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and culture nourishes Xinjiang and becomes weathered
”If you don’t have Kashgar, you won’t have been to Xinjiang; if you don’t have an ancient city, you won’t have been to Kashgar. “I don’t know who invented it firstSuch a sentence has attracted countless tourists to visit, but it is enough to show the charm of the ancient city of Kashgar.
In the ancient city of Kashgar, people do not notice the passage of time, as if “traveling through” a hundred years ago, and having a “time dialogue” at any time.
In an alley in the west area of Kashgar Ancient City, there is a long queue in front of the “Grandpa’s Grandpa’s Dad’s Nan” shop, and tourists are patiently waiting for the fragrant Nan to come out. On the square table in front of the store, 3Babaylan5-year-old Wumaierjiang Tudi and his apprentice were busy. “Our family has lived in the ancient city of Kashgar for generations, making a living by making naan. It has a history of hundreds of years. I am the seventh generation descendant.” As more and more tourists come to the ancient city of Kashgar, Wumaierjiang Tudi’s life is getting more and more prosperous.
As of mid-July this year, the Kashgar Ancient City Scenic Area received a total of more than 4.1 million tourists in 2023, an increase of 56% over the same period in 2022, setting a record high.
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Kashgar Ancient City As the first historical and cultural city in Xinjiang, Adilijiang Abdukader, head of the Propaganda Section of the Ancient City Scenic Area Management Committee, believes that all this is closely related to the overall repair and protection of Kashgar. “In the renovation of dilapidated houses in the old city, Kashgar is carried out in accordance with the principle of designing one household, repairing the old as the old, and protecting the historical style. At the same time, it is listed and protected the excellent houses in the ancient city, and strengthening and protecting the old as the old, so that the historical style of Kashgar can be preserved intact.”
At present, the ancient city scenic spot integrates 23 types of business formats, driving 14,000 residents and outsiders to find employment and start businesses. The protection results of the ancient city are increasingly benefiting people living in the ancient city like Wumaierjiang Tudi.
In addition to the ancient city of Kashgar, the cultural relics protection project of Kanerjing is also a model of “project to enrich the people and benefit the people”. Kanerjing is known as the “underground canal”. It is known as the three major projects of ancient my country, together with the Great Wall and the Grand Canal of Beijing and Hangzhou, and is now a national key cultural relics protection unit. There are 1,108 Kaner wells in Turpan, with a total length of about 6,500 kilometers, of which the total length of the culvert is about 3,724 kilometers, like a “blood vessel”, which is spread throughout Turpan’s “body”. The melting water of ice and snow irrigates sweet grapes through this, nourishing the children of all ethnic groups in Turpan.
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Kaneri is a historical witness to the common unity and struggle of people of all ethnic groups. It still plays a role today, benefiting the people along the route. In order to further protect, inherit and make good use of Kanerjing, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has invested funds to carry out 7 phases of protection and repair of 165 Kanerjing wells, expanding the function of Kanerjing water dam. At the same time, we have continued to carry out the exhibition and improvement of Kanerjing culture and the improvement of micro-environment, which has greatly improved the living environment of the surrounding people.
In the Kanerjing cultural relics protection project, the “Cultural Relics Protection Project + Villagers” model is implemented, and protection construction is carried out during the slack farming period, and local villagers are hired as direct participants in the protection and repair of Kanerjing, which helps the implementation of the Kanerjing protection project to increase income and develop the Kanerjing fishing skills, and drives the villagers participating in the maintenance of the project implementation subject to increase their income by more than 5,000 yuan, becoming a model for cultural relics protection work in the new era to enrich the people and benefit the people.
Turpan has many cultural relics and rich historical and cultural connotations, and is the pioneer zone for Xinjiang’s cultural replenishment. When talking about the role of cultural relics on cultural replenishment, Chen Aifeng believes that cultural replenishment is a silent process of nourishing things. The core is the identification with Chinese culture and the gradual forging of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and cultural relics play a very important role in it.
”Cultural relics can be placed in front of you, such as the unearthed documents of TurpanKomiks contains a large number of Confucian classics “The Analects of Confucius”, “The Book of Filial Piety”, as well as collections of classics, history, and literature, etc. What is this?” Chen Aifeng replied, “This is an important part of Chinese culture. Through the interpretation and display of cultural relics, we present the historical connotation of cultural relics to the public. It is an important carrier for tangible and tangible and effective in forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.”
Building the bottom line of cultural relics safety and weaving a dense “safety net” of cultural relics
In the morning of autumn, 51-year-old Maimati· href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>BabaylanYiliyazi circled the ruins of the ancient city of Lafukek in the upper reaches of the Poplar River as before. If he found suspicious people, he would stop him from entering and report them immediately if he found suspicious situations.
Maimati Yiliyazi is a cultural relics caretaker at the ruins of the ancient city of Lafuke and surrounding cultural relics. During the interview, the reporter learned that Buy Mai Tuo·Yiliyazi is a villager in Gaodege Village, Yizhou District, Hami City. His family has 30 acres of land. He is very busy during busy farming. However, no matter how busy the farm work in the fields is, he will walk around the ancient city of Lafuke and surrounding cultural relics every day. For 26 years, he has been doing this every day and has never stopped.
Ask the reason, he told reporters, “When I was a child, my father was a cultural relics caretaker. I was influenced by my father since I was a child. I was familiar with the topography and landforms of the Poplar River Basin and surrounding areas, the layout and direction of the roads, and developed a strong sense of responsibility for protecting cultural relics and sites. After my father passed away Komiks, I followed my father’s footsteps and embarked on the road to protecting cultural relics and sites.”
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Xinjiang has a vast territory, and how to protect the safety of outdoor cultural relics is a major problem. Cultural relics caretakers have provided practical and feasible paths to ensure the safety of outdoor cultural relics.
In order to further enhance the safety protection of Xinjiang cultural relics, since 2017, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government has allocated special funds every year to establish a team of 950 outdoor cultural relics caretakers to be responsible for the daily patrol of key outdoor cultural relics. In order to continuously strengthen team management, the “Regulations on the Management of Field Cultural Relics Caregivers in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Trial)” was issued to promote the institutionalization and standardization of the management of field cultural relics caregivers, and include their management and performance of their duties in daily cultural relics safety inspection and inspection work.
In the daily work of cultural relics caregivers, local cultural relics administrative departments actively supervise the jurisdiction to reasonably formulate inspection plans, sign annual cultural relics safety responsibility letters with nursing staff, clarify responsibilities and rights, rewards and punishments, and conduct on-site inspections on the performance of outdoor cultural relics caregivers on-site. We will guide caregivers to perform their duties in a standardized manner, urge caregivers to record inspection logs, promptly discover and report inspection problems, and ensure the safety of the cultural relics and surrounding areas.
As of December 2022, Xinjiang’s field cultural relics caretakers have inspected and inspected more than 520 key field cultural relics protection units, and Hami City caretakers have conducted more than 3,000 safety inspections per year; BozhouCaregivers have conducted more than 2,100 safety inspections in the year; Bortala Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture has eliminated 8 cultural relics safety hazards by caregivers in the year; Caregivers in Turpan City, Tacheng, Altay, Hotan and other regions have actively reported more than 10 safety news or clues of safety cases, assisting the cultural relics department in investigating and handling cultural relics safety cases, actively playing the role of caregivers, and effectively improving the safety environment for outdoor cultural relics.
Keeping the bottom line and ensuring the safety of cultural relics is the “basic skill” of cultural relics work.
In addition to establishing a guardian system for outdoor cultural relics viewing, in recent years, Xinjiang has continued to promote the construction of cultural relics safety, establishing systems, methods or long-term mechanisms in terms of cultural relics safety inspection and case inspection, rewards for reporting illegal acts of cultural relics, emergency plans for cultural relics emergencies, combating and preventing cultural relics crimes, and transfer management of cultural relics involved in the case. Promote the cultural relics safety project, implement 8 security projects including the Kizil Thousand Buddha Cave Security Upgrade and Renovation Project, carry out the activity of finding the “The Most Beautiful Cultural Relics Safety Guardian in Xinjiang” to create a good atmosphere for society to participate in cultural relics protection. We have deepened cooperation with relevant industry departments, implemented more than 22,000 cultural relics safety inspections, discovered and rectified more than 1,000 hidden dangers, and weaved the “safety net” of cultural relics, and achieved remarkable results in cultural relics safety work.
Xinjiang, as a key node of the historical Silk Road, witnessed the exchanges, exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups, demonstrating the diversity and unity of Chinese civilization. Today, this ancient land nourished by a thousand-year cultural heritage is showing vitality, continuing a new chapter in the exchanges, interactions and integration of ethnic groups in the new era.