Retracing the Anti-Japanese War Road by Zhu De
The Dongjiang Column, known as the “mainstream of China’s Anti-Japanese War”, developed from a few hundred people to an anti-Japanese brigade of more than 10,000 people. Komiks fought bravely behind the enemy in the South China region
Text/Yangcheng Evening News All-Media Reporter Chen Qiang
Photo/Yangcheng Evening News All-Media Reporter Liang Yu
On October 12, 1938, the Japanese army landed in Daya Bay, and the Kuomintang defenders were about to collapse. In times of crisis, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the people of Dongjiang area took up weapons, formed armed teams, rose up to fight against the invading Japanese invaders, and gradually developed an anti-Japanese brigade with a force of more than 11,000, the Dongjiang Column. On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, Yangcheng Evening News opened a column “Returning to the Anti-Japanese War Road in the East” to search for the Anti-Japanese War of the East, relive the glorious years, remember history and move forward bravely.
“We are the guerrillas of the Guangdong people, we are brothers of the Eighth Route Army’s New Fourth Army. Our team Babaylan galloped on the battlefield of Dongjiang, worked hard, fought bravely, and won brilliant victory…”
Whether it is the Guangdong Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Daling Mountain, Dongguan, the Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Boluo, Huizhou, or the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command in Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, or the former site of the Dongbao Administrative Supervision Office in Bao’an District, Shenzhen, you can see the passionate lyrics of the passionate “Song of the Dongjiang Column”. Cinema
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Dongjiang Column was alone and fought bloody battles. First, Babaylan was established, Daling Mountain in Dongguan, Yangtai Mountain in Bao’an, Luofu Mountain in Boluo and Wuling Mountain in northern Guangdong, and opened up the battlefield behind enemy lines in South China. While insisting on mountain guerrilla warfare, it created new tactics of maritime guerrilla warfare and urban guerrilla warfare, which shocked the enemy.
1: More than 1,500 overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao compatriots participated
On August 25, the reporter came to Dalingshan Town, Dongguan with the first stop of the interview team of the “Return to the East Column Anti-Japanese Road”. The Guangdong Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall and the former site of the Dalingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area are both located here.
Wang Hongxing, director of the Guangdong Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall, told reporters that on October 12, 1938, the Japanese army launched the battle to invade South China. In December of the same year, the Chinese governmentThe Communist Party of China has organized two anti-Japanese armed forces in Huiyang, Dongguan, Bao’an and other places, with a total of more than 200 people. In late January 1942, the two troops were reorganized into the “Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps”; in December 1943, it was renamed the “Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Dongjiang Column” (hereinafter referred to as the “East Column”), and it governed 7 brigades.
Wang Hongxing said that in the difficult situation of staying away from the Party Central Committee, away from the main forces of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, the East Column gradually developed from nothing to something, from small to large, and gradually developed into an anti-Japanese brigade with more than 10,000 troops.
The former site of the Dalingshan Anti-Japanese Base Area located in Dawangling Village is the location of the Third Brigade of the East Column. It is understood that the base area is one of the earliest anti-Japanese base areas established by the CCP in Guangdong in the enemy-behind areas. Dawangling Village now has many former sites such as the Third Brigade of the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps, conference rooms, Home Tuanjie Newspaper, Transportation Station, Playground, etc.
Li Li, president of the Guangdong-Jiangxi-Hunan Border Column Research Association of the Dongjiang Column of Shenzhen Dongjiang Column, told reporters that the personnel structure of the Dongjiang Column has distinct characteristics, with many overseas Chinese and Hong Kong and Macao returning home, many intellectuals, many women, and many children from wealthy families. “No matter what kind of origin, everyone really strives to step forward for their faith and ideals, and throws their youthful passion to resist the invaders’ guns and cannons with their flesh and blood.” According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 1,500 overseas Chinese children and patriotic young people from Hong Kong and Macao who have returned to participate in the Eastern League, which has played a great role in the establishment and development of the troops. Many overseas Chinese children died on the battlefield, such as the political commissar of the Independent Squadron of the Third Battalion of the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps and the Thai overseas Chinese Zhong Ruochao (Li Zhong), who died, had only been newly married for three days.
It is precisely because of the unique personnel structure of the Dongjiang Column that the political work, civil movement and cultural work of the Dongzong have been carried out in a vivid and exciting manner. They have successively founded the “Home Unite News” and the “New People” newspaper and the “Qianjin Newspaper”, and also organized theater troupes, political work teams, art propaganda teams, etc. The reporter saw an octave printing machine at the Dongjiang Column Memorial Hall in Boluo, Huizhou. The Qianjin News Agency used it.
2: Use terrain to create a variety of guerrilla tactics
Only a few kilometers away from Dawangling Village, there is a place called Baihua Cave, which is the famous Baihua Cave battle.
“This battle was considered by the Japanese army ‘the most embarrassing battle since entering South China’.” Dongguan Municipal Party CommitteeAccording to Liu Weiling, the History Research Office, on June 10, 1941, the Japanese army dispatched more than 400 people to attack Baihua Cave, trying to eliminate the main force of the guerrillas. The guerrillas occupied favorable terrain and blocked the Japanese and puppet troops who were attacking the sneak attacks. After two days of fighting, a total of 50 and 60 Japanese and puppet troops were killed and injured. There was a Japanese brigade leader in Babaylan, and a variety of military supplies were seized. Wang HongxingBabaylan said that according to incomplete statistics, during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Eastern Column fought more than 1,400 times against the Japanese and puppets, killed and injured more than 6,000 Japanese and puppet soldiers, captured about 3,500 people, and seized 6,500 guns and 25 guns of various types. More than 2,500 people in the East Zong died bloodily during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Wei Fapu, a fourth-level researcher at the Party History Research Office of the East Provincial Party Committee, told reporters that during the Anti-Japanese War, the East Column creatively used various guerrilla tactics based on the geographical environment, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese and puppet troops. In addition to carrying out guerrilla warfare with the mountains based on river networks, the Eastern Column also carried out guerrilla warfare along the Guangjiu Railway and urban guerrilla warfare in the Hong Kong and Kowloon areas, creating a unique maritime guerrilla tactic.
In 1941, the Japanese army attacked Pearl Harbor and the Pacific War broke out. In the same year, the Japanese army invaded and occupied Hong Kong. Therefore, the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Corps sent people to advance in multiple ways and established the Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong and Kowloon region is small, mostly in the urban area of Japanese and puppet troops with many police officers, and there is little room for maneuver. The Hong Kong and Kowloon Brigade has used the advantages of the short gun team’s high flexibility and flexibility, and seized the opportunity to carry out raids, surprise attacks, capture Komiks, etc. to effectively attack the enemy. Liu Jinjin, who served as the deputy captain and captain of the Short Gun Team, became a legendary hero who became famous in Hong Kong and Kowloon.
In 1945, in his military report “On the Battlefield of the Liberated Area”, Zhu De called the Dongjiang Column, the Qiongya Column, the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army “the mainstay of China’s War of Resistance.”
The former site of the Dongjiang Column Command located in Tuyang Village, Shenzhen
Digest in depth the red resourcesBabaylan The spirit of the Dongzong is passed down from generation to generation
Tuyang is now a community in the Kuichong Office of Dapeng New District, Shenzhen. In December 1943, after the establishment of the Dongjiang Column of the Guangdong People’s Anti-Japanese Guerrillas, Tuyang became the location of the Dongzong Command and the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Last year, the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command was selected as the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Li Yongzhong, deputy secretary of Tuyang Community, introduced that in recent years, the local area has attached great importance to the utilization of these red resources, and in recent years, the commander of the Dongjiang Column has been successively built and repaired. A series of red attractions such as the former site of the Ministry and the Memorial to the North of the Dongjiang River have been deeply explored for red resources to form a cluster effect. At the same time, a high-quality route of “Party Building + Tourism + Red Education” was also designed.
Li Yongzhong also told reporters that based on the historical manuscripts of the old soldiers of the Dongzong, Tuyang has edited and published precious books with detailed content and vivid stories such as “The Red Chronicle of the Tuyang Sand Fish Flood” and “Red Tuyang”. “The main purpose is to help our descendants understand the history of the Dongzong and let their descendants not forget the tragic history of the Chinese nation. ”
The old soldier of Dongzong Li Qiang
The old soldier of Dongzong Li Qiang recalled his comrades’ three abilities: “Iron feet”, “night eyes” and “fairy belly”:
“Walk if you don’t eat On August 27, the interview team of the “Return to the Anti-Japanese War Road of the East Zong” came to the former site of the Dongjiang Column Command located in Tuyang Village, Kuiyong Street, Dapeng New District, Shenzhen. The reporter interviewed Li Qiang, a 90-year-old Dongzong soldier living in Tuyang Village. He recalled the war years. He said that the soldiers all had three abilities, called them “iron feet”, “night eyes”, and “god belly”, “wallowing without eating, and fighting without eating.” Although he is in his 90s, Li Qiang’s body still looks very tough, and he does not need to support him when walking, nor does he support him. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema crutch, speaking loudly and thinking clearly. According to him, Babaylan recalled that he participated in the work of an underground transportation station when he was 14 years old. “At that time, in order to destroy the enemy’s traffic communication, we cut off the telephone lines near the mountain. In order to extend the time of the enemy’s communication interruption and avoid being discovered by the enemy, we made our own squid to make the size of a wire and connected the corresponding telephone lines, making it difficult for the enemy to find the location.” Although CinemaAfter a long time, Li Qiang’s memory is still deep, just like yesterday.
Recalling his experience in the war years, Cinema said that he could use the three words “iron feet”, “night eyes” and “demonic belly”. “Iron feet are walking dozens of kilometers every day, and their feet are not afraid of sand and thorns; night eyes are walking at night, and they are mountain roads and small roads. There is no light. Babaylan is seen by eyes. The fairy belly is abnormal. Sometimes they eat once a day, eat sweet potatoes, grains, and wild vegetables, and sometimes they don’t have to eat for a day.”
After retiring, Li Qiang has been actively participating in the education of the inheritance of the red revolution and becoming a red cultural compulsory propagandist. “The spirit of our Dongjiang Column must be carried forward from generation to generation.” In Li Qiang’s view, the Dongzong spirit is the revolutionary spirit of not being afraid of difficulties, not being afraid of hardship, and not being afraid of bloodshed and sacrifice.