On October 31, 2017, General Secretary Xi Jinping led the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to Shanghai to visit the site of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China and to Jiaxing, Zhejiang to pay homage to the rebuilt Nanhu Red Cinema ship. The picture comes from the WeChat official account of “Study Group”
When I learned that this precious revolutionary cultural relics was preserved by the father of a Communist Party member in his son’s tomb, General Secretary Xi Jinping repeatedly said it was very precious and reminded him: “These cultural relics are witnesses of history, and they must be preserved and used well.” Then he asked about the story of the Communist Party member.
Below, Archives will tell the story of this legendary Communist Party member and his father.
Fake joint burial big article
1928, winter. Ningbo, Xiapu Town.
Zhang Jueqian, who relies on farming and being a chef, came down from Changshan hills with a sad look. He just buried his son Jingquan and his daughter-in-law Gu Yu’e together.
My fellow villagers sighed: Old Zhang’s family is not lucky. A few years ago, Jingquan’s wife was gone and she didn’t even have a child left. Now, Jingquan has been wandering outside for many years, but unexpectedly he is gone even in his thirties. Old Zhang is a white-haired man who gives away a black-haired man, it’s pitiful. However, the villagers who lamented the impermanence of life Cinema did not know that Zhang Jingquan’s coffin was empty in the joint tomb.
Zhang Jingquan’s former residence. The picture comes from Zhejiang News Network
Late at night, Zhang Jueqian tossed and turned, repeatedly muttering his son Jingquan in his heart: What you entrust to youBabaylan, Dad has done it for you. Dad is waiting for you to come back!
Young and big achievements
Zhang Jingquan, whose name is Shouhe, is also known as Zhang Renya – “Renya” is the name he changed himself after joining the revolutionary organization.
Zhang Jingquan. The picture comes from the Central Archives
Zhang Jingquan was born in a house behind the Zhang Family Ancestral Hall in Xiapu, Zhenhai County, Ningbo City. He is the only one of the seven children in the family.I learned it through Cinema. At that time, his family was not rich, but in order to make the child promising, the old father gritted his teeth and overcame difficulties and sent his son to Zhenhai to study.
In 1913, in order to share the burden of family, 15-year-old Zhang Jingquan dropped out of school and went to a gold shop in Shanghai to become an apprentice. However, at that time, the monthly income of the workers in the gold shop silver building industry was far lower than the average salary in Shanghai, and life was very difficult.
In order to strive for better treatment, Zhang Jingquan, the only intellectual in the shop, stepped forward to lead the workers to negotiate with the capitalists, and it was a great success. This made Zhang Jingquan famous in Shanghai, which in turn attracted the attention of early CCP organizations.
In 1921, Zhang Jingquan joined the Communist Youth League of China and immediately joined the Communist Party of China, becoming one of the earliest working party members in Shanghai. He was also the first Ningbo party member.
Small paper bag Big secret
In July 1922, the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in secret in Shanghai. The Congress formulated the Party’s highest program and minimum program, and passed the first “Constitution of the Communist Party of China” and a series of important resolutions.
After the meeting, the Party Central Committee printed a batch of pamphlets, printed a total of ten documents, including the Party Constitution, resolutions, etc., and distributed them to the party members. Zhang Jingquan also got one.
Constitution of the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China (provided by the Central Archives)
In October 1924, Zhang Jingquan was transferred to the Soviet Union and entered Moscow Oriental University to study. He studied during the day, stood guard at night, and participated in voluntary labor on weekends. During his study, he came into contact with some works by revolutionary leaders such as “Das Kapital” and “State and Revolution”, and he couldn’t put down these books and read them again and again.
After the April 12th counter-revolutionary coup in 1927, Cinemawhite horrors enveloped Shanghai. If a person is found with a document related to the Communist Party, it will cause death.
Zhang Jingquan, who was the head of the Internal Transport Section of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee at the time, he likes to read books and consciously retains important items such as party documents and Marxist books and magazines. Faced with his beloved thing that may expose his identity at any time, Zhang Jingquan really couldn’t start burning it, but there was no place in Shanghai. After thinking about it over and over again, one afternoon in the winter of 1928, Zhang Jingquan took a huge risk and quietly “smuggled” a batch of information out of Shanghai and entrusted it to his father Zhang Jueqian, who was from Ningbo.
The cover and inner seal of the “Resolution and Declaration of the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China” was printed with the words “Secretly Hidden by Comrade Zhang Jingquan”
After understanding the situation, Zhang Jueqian immediately became nervous and asked his son where he should hide these “contraband”. But Zhang Jingquan was in a hurry and only told his father to “I’ll talk about it then.”
The old father at that time never expected that his young son had already been the “old world” who had made drastic reorganization of the team and successfully completed the task of escorting the central leaders several times. Zhang Jingquan’s “Transportation Department” is responsible for internal secret communication, which is even more of a heavy responsibility. He was not at home for a moment and hurried back to Shanghai while the night was dark.
The son threw off the “hot potato” and left, but Lao Zhang couldn’t sleep anymore. After several thoughts, he finally came up with a plan.
A few days later, neighbors learned that Lao Zhang’s second son Jingquan had been away for a long time and had no news. He was afraid he was dead.
The father, who was full of thought, built a joint tomb for his son and daughter-in-law on Changshangang east of Xiapu Town. The cautious Zhang Jueqian did not even dare to carve his son’s full name on the monument, but only engraved the “Quanzhang Cemetery”.
Zhang Babaylan The tombstone of Jingquan’s tomb. The picture comes from the Party Building Network
It is said that the couple is burying the tomb together. In fact, there is an empty coffin on the side of Zhang Jingquan, and the materials are placed inside!
Before the burial, the old man used oil paper to carefully wrap the precious information of the Party that his son brought back from Shanghai from Shanghai through great hardships. He hid it quietly in the coffin. My son’s secret was sealed into the dust and waited to be opened.
Sui’er is willing to make great contributions
The old father was alone in keeping the important secrets, waiting for his son to come back, waiting to hear what he said.
But after a quick separation that night, Jingquan never came back.
Five years, ten years, fifteen years, twenty years…
Babaylan Until the founding of New China, Zhang Jingquan never came back.
The old father felt deeply that he had not had enough time and was very anxious, so he asked his third son Jingmao to publish several issues of missing person notices in the Liberation Daily. No one responded.
The “Missing Person Notice” published by Zhang Jingmao. The picture comes from the Party Building Network
It has been 1950, and the whole country has been basically liberated, and the second son Jingquan is still missing.
Old Mr. Zhang Jueqian was a little uneasy: Jingquan may really be gone.
Since Jingquan may not have the chance to hand over the precious information to the Communist Party, he will definitely help his son complete this task in his lifetime!
Zhang Jueqian dug up the tomb and opened the lid of the coffin. These party documents and Marxist books and magazines finally “see the light of day again” more than 20 years later.
The old man took out this batch of precious information with his own hands and asked his third son Jingmao to take a photo of the “Shanghai Gold and Silver Workers Club Founding Conference” that he had been hanging in the room for nearly 30 years, and took it to Shanghai to return it to the Communist Party.
In early July 1952, Zhang Jingmao donated some documents and newspapers to the Shanghai Workers’ Movement Historical Materials Committee.
In 1955, the old father Zhang Jueqian passed away. The old man left without regrets but felt regretful. Unfortunately, he fulfilled his promise to his son, properly kept the extremely important party history materials and returned them to the jade intact. Unfortunately, since 1928, 27 years since my separation, my son has been missing and his life and death is uncertain.
In 1959, Zhang Jingmao donated the rest of the cultural relics to the Preparatory Office of the Shanghai Revolutionary History Memorial Hall (the predecessor of the Memorial Hall of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China). The state gave Zhang Jingmao a reward to express his gratitude, but he did not receive any money.
There are as many as 26 revolutionary cultural relics protected by Zhang Jingquan during his lifetime, of which 16 are first-class cultural relics and are collected by the Central Archives and the National Museum. Among these 16 first-class cultural relics, the Party Constitution, which only published 200 copies in 1922, is listed, and there is also a “Communist Manifesto”, which is one of the earliest existing Chinese translations in my country.
Diet from the way, Da Wuwei
So, what happened to Zhang Jingquan later?
In July 1929, Zhang Jingquan was ordered to secretly engage in raising funds for the Party Central Committee in Wuhu and other places.
In November 1931, the Soviet Republic of China was established, and Zhang Jingquan left Wuhu and went to Ruijin. In the Central Soviet Area, Zhang Jingquan first served as a member of the Central Workers’ and Peasants’ Procuratorate Committee and became the deputy to He Shuheng, a representative of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China. In June 1932, he served as Director of the Publishing Bureau of the Chinese Soviet Republic and Minister of the Distribution Department. He continued to act as Director of the Printing Bureau, and published, printed and distributed a large number of books in politics, military, economic, cultural and educational fields that were urgently needed in the Soviet area.
The environment is dangerous, the conditions are arduous, the mental stress is tense, and the work is heavy, and Zhang Jingquan becomes ill due to overwork.
On December 23, 1932, Zhang Jingquan went from Ruijin to Changting, Fujian for examination from his illness. The two places were nearly a hundred miles apart, and there were several mountains in the middle. His sick body could no longer afford the long journey, and eventually passed away regretfully on the way at the age of 34. The environment was harsh and communication was not smooth at that time. It is still unknown where Zhang Jingquan was buried after his death.
On January 7, 1933, the official newspaper of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic published an article “Mourning Comrade Zhang Renya” in the mourning of Zhang Jingquan. This is the first time that the Provisional Central Government has published a special article in the official newspaper to mourn the deceased comrades. The eulogy said that Zhang Jingquan’s sacrifice “is a loss to our revolution, especially in slapping the enemy’s large-scale attack, he simply lost the bravest and most determined revolutionary soldier.”
On January 7, 1933, the newspaper “Red China” published “Memorial Comrade Zhang Renya”, the picture comes from the Party Building Network
It was not until 2005 that the relatives and descendants of the Zhang family learned about Zhang Jingquan’s whereabouts through this newspaper.
At this time, it has been fifty years since the death of Mr. Zhang Jueqian; it has been seventy-three years since the death of Zhang Jingquan.
The empty tomb secretly hides the precious wealth of the historical process of the Communist Party of China; this story encloses the sincerity of a Communist Party member.
We cannot forget that in a critical moment, Zhang Jingquan first preserved theref=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema is a party document and Marxist book. He treasures his faith with his life, and he defends the Communist Party’s never-ending red flame with his faith.